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    Content Related to University of Minnesota

    R&D recap: the <i data-lazy-src=
    Article

    R&D recap: the Journal of Ammonia Energy

    Geofrey Njovu August 06, 2024

    Ahead of the 3rd Symposium on Ammonia Energy in Shanghai next month, we take the opportunity to highlight select papers and key results from the first two editions, starting with the 2022 Cardiff event:

    • In an ammonia-diesel blending study, Orleans University and WinGD found that minimising the diesel fraction actually led to increased N2O emissions.
    • In a bid to produce an optimal ammonia-hydrogen fuel blend, a University of Birmingham team characterised the ammonia cracking mechanism of a new, transition metal-promoted lithium amide catalyst.
    • A KAUST study of swirl intensity of an ammonia-methane blended fuel finds that increasing the swirl number leads to a more compact flame, reducing NOX emissions.
    • A team from the University of Minnesota found that combustion durations comparable to gasoline were obtained for ammonia-hydrogen fuel blends.
    • And, as part of a joint academic-industry session on safety, it was recommended that a careful, proactive approach is taken towards new ammonia users, likely exposure risk points and deploying maritime ammonia fuel.

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    Amogy: Ammonia-powered tractor
    Article

    Amogy: Ammonia-powered tractor

    Julian Atchison June 09, 2022

    Amogy have successfully demonstrated a new ammonia-powered tractor in Stony Brook, New York. A 100 kW ammonia-to-power system was successfully integrated into a John Deere mid-size standard tractor, which can operate on liquid ammonia fuel for a period of several hours.

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    Optimizing absorption to improve Haber-Bosch synthesis
    Presentation

    Optimizing absorption to improve Haber-Bosch synthesis

    Alon McCormickMatthew KaleCory MarquartDeepak OjhaMatthew PalysChinomso Emmanuel OnuohaZac PursellEdward CusslerProdromos DaoutidisPaul DauenhauerMichael ReeseSameer ParvathikarMahdi Malmali

    Ammonia absorber columns offer an alternative separation unit to replace condensation in the Haber-Bosch synthesis loop. Metal halide salts can selectively separate ammonia from the reactor outlet gas mixture and incorporate it into their crystal lattice with remarkably high thermodynamic capacity. While the salts’ working capacity can be limited and unstable when they are in their pure form, the capacity is stable and can be high when using a porous silica support. Here, we discuss optimal conditions for uptake and release of ammonia. The production capacity (ammonia processed per unit absorbent and per unit production time) depends on processing parameters…

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    Renewable ammonia for grid-scale sustainable energy:  Sector coupling for economic competitiveness
    Presentation

    Renewable ammonia for grid-scale sustainable energy: Sector coupling for economic competitiveness

    Matthew PalysMichael ReeseProdromos Daoutidis

    Ammonia produced from renewably sourced electrolytic hydrogen has considerable promise as a seasonal energy storage medium to enable high renewable penetration in the electrical power generation mix. Long duration energy storage via ammonia is significantly less expensive than using hydrogen or batteries [1,2]. Renewable ammonia can also be used as in its traditional application as a fertilizer to reduce agricultural carbon intensity. These multiple renewable ammonia use cases give rise to opportunities for sector coupling [3]. For example, an electric utility could deploy ammonia for energy storage while also pursuing additional ammonia production for sale in local agriculture markets. This…

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    Project ACTIVATE: ammonia combustion engine R&D
    Article

    Project ACTIVATE: ammonia combustion engine R&D

    Julian Atchison September 22, 2021

    A team led by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the Silesian University of Technology (SUT) is currently working on Project ACTIVATE. Their goal is to field demonstrate an ammonia-powered, cost-competitive agricultural vehicle by late 2023.

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    The Ammonia Wrap: ICE announces its new green ammonia
    Article

    The Ammonia Wrap: ICE announces its new green ammonia "SuperGiant", Cummins and KBR team up on integrated solutions, a new green ammonia pilot in Minnesota and decarbonisation of existing plants in Russia

    Julian Atchison May 19, 2021

    Welcome to the Ammonia Wrap: a summary of all the latest announcements, news items and publications about ammonia energy. There's so much news this edition that we're bringing you two, special Wrap articles. Our first focuses on ammonia production - both existing and new build plants. This week: InterContinental Energy to build 25 GW of green ammonia production in Oman, Cummins and KBR to collaborate on integrated green ammonia solutions, New green ammonia pilot plant for Minnesota, Stamicarbon launches new technology for sustainable fertilizer production in Kenya, Haldor Topsoe and Shchekinoazot to explore ammonia plant decarbonisation in Russia, 1 million tonne blue ammonia per year in Norway and Trammo announces off-take MoU for 2GW AustriaEnergy plant in Chile.

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    Ammonia Energy Live February - 2021
    Article

    Ammonia Energy Live February - 2021

    Julian Atchison March 04, 2021

    Last week we presented the first episode in our monthly webinar series: Ammonia Energy Live. Every month we’ll explore the wonderful world of ammonia energy and the role it will play in global decarbonisation - with an Australian twist. To kick things off we wanted to set the scene for 2021 and give you a sense of where the ammonia transition is at - key projects, key milestones and things to be excited about going forward. And, since this is an Australian-focused series, we wanted to explore what’s important about Australia to the ongoing work of the AEA.

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    Ammonia Absorbents with High Stability and High Capacity for Fast Cycling
    Presentation

    Ammonia Absorbents with High Stability and High Capacity for Fast Cycling

    Matthew KaleJoshua I. MilittiSayandeep BiswasAlon McCormickPaul DauenhauerEdward Cussler

    Ammonia absorption is an alternative separation to condensation in ammonia production. Metal chloride salts selectively incorporate ammonia into their crystal lattices with remarkably high capacity. Regeneration and stability of these salts are further improved by dispersing them onto a porous silica support. Here, we discuss the optimal preparation methods of supported metal halides, as well as optimal conditions for uptake and release of ammonia. The metal halide salt particle size, support particle size, support composition and preparation methods are optimized for material stability, speed of uptake and release, and maximum ammonia capacity. An automated system was used to rapidly screen…

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    Comparative Technoeconomic Analysis of Conventional and Absorbent-Enhanced Ammonia Synthesis
    Presentation

    Comparative Technoeconomic Analysis of Conventional and Absorbent-Enhanced Ammonia Synthesis

    Matthew PalysAlon McCormickEdward CusslerProdromos Daoutidis

    Ammonia is the second-most produced synthetic chemical and the main precursor for nitrogen-based fertilizer. In 2015, 160 million tons were produced globally, and global demand is expected to grow 1.5% annually until 2050 [1]. However, traditional ammonia production uses natural gas or coal as its hydrogen source, and as a result, is also responsible for more than 1% of global GHG emissions and 5% of global natural gas consumption [2]. Clearly, a more sustainable ammonia production scheme is needed. One such alternative is obtain hydrogen from electrolysis powered by wind- or solar-derived electricity. It has been proposed to perform this…

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    University of Minnesota demonstrates efficient ammonia dual-fuel engine system
    Article

    University of Minnesota demonstrates efficient ammonia dual-fuel engine system

    Trevor Brown June 28, 2019

    This month, researchers at the University of Minnesota began successful field tests of their new ammonia engine, operating a heavy-duty tractor across farmland near Morris, MN, on a dual-fuel blend of 70% diesel and 30% ammonia.

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    NH3 Event in Rotterdam, June 6-7
    Article

    NH3 Event in Rotterdam, June 6-7

    Trevor Brown May 24, 2019

    This year's ammonia conference in Rotterdam, the third annual NH3 Event, begins two weeks from today. Since our guest post in March, announcing the initial roster of conference speakers, the organizers have confirmed new speakers, added more sessions, and announced further details. The NH3 Event is a two-day conference, taking place on June 6 & 7, presenting "state of the art solutions and innovations on the subject of Sustainable Ammonia." Although the conference hall is already close to capacity, a few dozen tickets remain available through the NH3 Event website.

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    EPRI Releases Ammonia Energy Report
    Article

    EPRI Releases Ammonia Energy Report

    Stephen H. Crolius March 07, 2019

    Last month the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) released Renewable Ammonia Generation, Transport, and Utilization in the Transportation Sector, the organization’s first public treatment of ammonia energy.  The report is positioned as a communique from the cutting edge – a “Technology Insights Brief” from EPRI’s “Innovation Scouts” – and, bracingly, manages to be both brief and comprehensive.  Within its format, it does an excellent job of conveying the positive case for ammonia energy and the R&D that will allow it to reach its potential.

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    Design Optimization of an Ammonia-Based Distributed Sustainable Agricultural Energy System
    Presentation

    Design Optimization of an Ammonia-Based Distributed Sustainable Agricultural Energy System

    Matthew PalysAnatoliy KuznetsovJoel TallaksenMichael ReeseProdromos Daoutidis

    Small-scale, distributed production of ammonia better enables the use of renewable energy for its synthesis than the current paradigm of large-scale, centralized production. Pursuant to this idea, a small-scale Haber-Bosch process has been installed at the West Central Research and Outreach Center (WCROC) in Morris, MN [1] and there is ongoing work on an absorbent-enhanced process at the University of Minnesota [2], [3]. Using renewables to make ammonia would greatly improve the sustainability of fertilizer production, which currently accounts for 1% of total global energy consumption [4]. The promise of renewable-powered, distributed ammonia production for sustainability is in fact not…

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    Ammonia Absorption and Desorption in Ammines
    Presentation

    Ammonia Absorption and Desorption in Ammines

    Collin SmithMahdi MalmaliChen-Yu LiuAlon McCormickEdward Cussler

    While adsorption onto solids is a common separation process, absorption into solids is much less often used. The reason is that absorption is usually assumed ineffective because it includes very slow solute diffusion into the solid. An exception may be the separation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen using ammines, especially at temperatures close to those used in ammonia synthesis. There, ammonia can be selectively absorbed by calcium chloride; nitrogen and hydrogen are not absorbed. The kinetics of ammonia release seem to be diffusion controlled. The kinetics of absorption are consistent with a first order reaction and diffusion in series,…

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    Process Superstructures and the Production of Cost-Advantaged Ammonia
    Article

    Process Superstructures and the Production of Cost-Advantaged Ammonia

    Stephen H. Crolius February 01, 2018

    At the 2017 NH3 Energy+ Conference, graduate student Doga Demirhan reported on an ongoing investigation at the Energy Institute at Texas A&M University. The work involved evaluation of options for an ammonia production system and concluded that biomass could be an economically viable feedstock under current, real-world conditions. This is a notable outcome. Just as notable is how it was reached.

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    Future Ammonia Technologies: Plasma, Membrane, Redox
    Article

    Future Ammonia Technologies: Plasma, Membrane, Redox

    Trevor Brown December 08, 2017

    I wrote recently about two pathways for ammonia production technology development: improvements on Haber-Bosch, or electrochemical synthesis. Last week, I covered some of these Haber-Bosch improvements; next week, I'll write about electrochemical processes. This week, I want to write about some innovations that don't fit this two-way categorization: they don't use electrochemistry and they don't build upon the Haber-Bosch process, and that might be the only thing that links them.

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    Improvement of Haber-Bosch: Adsorption vs. Absorption
    Article

    Improvement of Haber-Bosch: Adsorption vs. Absorption

    Trevor Brown December 01, 2017

    At the recent NH3 Energy+ Topical Conference, Grigorii Soloveichik described the future of ammonia synthesis technologies as a two-way choice: Improvement of Haber-Bosch or Electrochemical Synthesis. Two such Haber-Bosch improvement projects, which received ARPA-E-funding under Soloveichik's program direction, also presented papers at the conference. They each take different approaches to the same problem: how to adapt the high-pressure, high-temperature, constant-state Haber-Bosch process to small-scale, intermittent renewable power inputs. One uses adsorption, the other uses absorption, but both remove ammonia from the synthesis loop, avoiding one of Haber-Bosch's major limiting factors: separation of the product ammonia.

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    Design Optimization of a Distributed Ammonia Generation System
    Presentation

    Design Optimization of a Distributed Ammonia Generation System

    Matthew PalysAlon McCormickProdromos Daoutidis

    Distributed ammonia generation located near farms is a promising alternative to the current practice of large-scale, centralized production. This production mode would reduce the need for transportation of ammonia over long distances currently caused by the mismatch between production and consumption locations. In addition, a small-scale ammonia synthesis process could more easily take advantage of distributed power generation based on wind or sunlight to reduce energy costs and lessen the dependence on fossil fuels. Distributed, renewables-based fertilizer production would largely insulate farmers against market uncertainty while also increasing the sustainability of the agricultural supply chain. However, a technically proven, economically…

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    Atmospheric-Pressure Synthesis of Ammonia Using Non-Thermal Plasma with the Assistance of Ru-Based Multifunctional Catalyst
    Presentation

    Atmospheric-Pressure Synthesis of Ammonia Using Non-Thermal Plasma with the Assistance of Ru-Based Multifunctional Catalyst

    Peng PengYanling ChengNan ZhouRaymond HatzenbellerPaul ChenRoger Ruan

    Ammonia has much more uses than being a fertilizer. Its emerging applications include hydrogen carrier, fuel cells, clean transportation fuels, and other off-grid power applications. The traditional Haber Bosch process used to synthesize ammonia must be achieved at high temperature and pressure. The non-thermal plasma (NTP) allows for the synthesis of ammonia at a lower temperature and pressure conditions. It is proposed that the moderate process conditions can potentially allow a more economical construction and operation of ammonia production systems on distributed farms and renewable hydrogen production sites. In this study, we report the NTP synthesis of ammonia using dielectric…

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    Lower Pressure Ammonia Synthesis
    Presentation

    Lower Pressure Ammonia Synthesis

    Mahdi MalmaliAlon McCormickEdward CusslerJoshua PrinceMichael Reese

    Ammonia is a very important chemical, mainly produced through the Haber-Bosch process. This process requires high temperature (>400 °C) and pressure (>150 bar) in order to ensure fast kinetics and high conversions, respectively.1 As a result, ammonia synthesis is known to be very complex and energy-intensive.2 To alleviate the complexity and energy requirements of ammonia synthesis, and to reduce the CO2 emissions, we are proposing an innovative reaction-absorption process to synthesize carbon-free ammonia in small plants.3 This green ammonia can be synthesized in wind-powered plants, with hydrogen from electrolysis of water and nitrogen from pressure swing adsorption of air.4 In…

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    254th ACS Meeting, Energy and Fuels Symposium “The Ammonia Economy” — Synthesis, Utilization & Nitrogen Reduction
    Article

    254th ACS Meeting, Energy and Fuels Symposium “The Ammonia Economy” — Synthesis, Utilization & Nitrogen Reduction

    Michael Mock October 31, 2017

    In late August, the day before the exciting solar eclipse, the Ammonia Economy symposium was held as part of the Energy and Fuels Division of the American Chemical Society (ACS) National Meeting in Washington DC. This marks the third gathering of Ammonia related research since 2015 at the national level ACS conference. This year, in addition to the important focus on chemistries for the utilization of ammonia, the rapidly developing field of homogeneous catalysts and biological processes for nitrogen fixation was included as a major theme.

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    Ammonia Energy at the H2@Scale Workshop
    Article

    Ammonia Energy at the H2@Scale Workshop

    Stephen H. Crolius June 08, 2017

    “Carbon-free ammonia needs to be a significant contributor to the H2@Scale initiative.” This was one of the “key takeaways” offered by Steve Szymanski, Director of Business Development at the hydrogen generator company Proton On-Site, during his presentation at the H2@Scale Workshop that was held on May 23-24 at the University of Houston in the U.S. By the time Szymanski left the podium, ammonia energy had moved a good distance from the periphery of the H2@Scale conceptual map toward its center.

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    ARPA-E funding for renewable ammonia synthesis technologies
    Article

    ARPA-E funding for renewable ammonia synthesis technologies

    Trevor Brown December 23, 2016

    Last week, ARPA-E announced funding for eight technologies that aim to make ammonia from renewable electricity, air, and water. The technological pathways being developed include adaptations of the Haber-Bosch process - seeking improvements in catalysts and absorbents - as well as novel electrochemical processes.

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    University of Minnesota's Ammonia Program
    Article

    University of Minnesota's Ammonia Program

    Stephen H. Crolius December 16, 2016

    The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) will present a Webinar on December 21 on "Distributed Ammonia Synthesis." The presenter will be Edward L. Cussler, Distinguished Institute Professor at the Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department of the University of Minnesota. Distributed ammonia synthesis is one focus related to ammonia energy at the University of Minnesota - but just one. In fact, UMinn is the locus of a unique and globally significant collection of research efforts that promise to have significant impacts in the ammonia industry and the broader energy sector.

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    NH3 Fuel Association President Presents at AIChE Annual Meeting
    Article

    NH3 Fuel Association President Presents at AIChE Annual Meeting

    Stephen H. Crolius November 30, 2016

    NH3 Fuel Association President Norm Olson presented his paper “NH3 – the Optimal Liquid Transportation Fuel” on November 9 at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). The AIChE meeting, held over six days in San Francisco, provided a wide-ranging perspective on the sustainable energy landscape that ammonia energy must compete within.

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    Presentation

    Small Scale Low-Pressure Ammonia Synthesis

    Mahdi MalmaliMichael ReeseAlon McCormickEdward Cussler

    Ammonia is one of the most important chemical commodities in the US and will be a key component in helping the world meet the rising demand for food and energy. Ammonia is needed in distributed locations for agriculture (as fertilizer for small grain and corn production), for indirect hydrogen storage1 (transported as a liquid at moderate pressure to hydrogen stations), or as a liquid fuel2 (for internal combustion engines or solid oxide fuel cells). Recently, there has been significant effort to develop scalable technologies for conversion of intermittent energies (e.g., solar, wind) into energy dense carbon-neutral liquid fuels, and ammonia…

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    Displacing Diesel Fuel with Carbon-Free Anhydrous Ammonia
    Article

    Displacing Diesel Fuel with Carbon-Free Anhydrous Ammonia

    Trevor Brown September 15, 2016

    The team at the University of Minnesota announced last month the award of funding for a demonstration project entitled "Clean Vehicles Fueled by Hydrogen from Renewable Ammonia." This project builds on years of research and investment in renewable ammonia at University of Minnesota, most visibly the prototype wind-to-ammonia production plant operating since 2014 at West Central Research and Outreach Center. Their focus now, however, is shifting to the use of ammonia as a fuel. "The overall objective of the project is to displace up to 50% of the diesel fuel used in tractors with anhydrous ammonia produced from renewable resources."

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    Potential Strategies for Distributed, Small-Scale Sustainable Ammonia Production
    Presentation

    Potential Strategies for Distributed, Small-Scale Sustainable Ammonia Production

    Alon McCormickEdward CusslerProdromos DaoutidisPaul DauenhauerLanny SchmidtRoger RuanDoug TiffanySteve KelleyMichael Reese

    Potential Strategies for Distributed, Small-Scale Sustainable Ammonia Production Alon McCormick*, Ed Cussler, Prodromos Daoutidis, Paul Dauenhauer, Lanny Schmidt, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Roger Ruan, Doug Tiffany, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering; Steve Kelley, Humphrey School of Public Affairs; Mike Reese, West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota

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    Ammonia Production Using Wind Energy: An Early Calculation of Life Cycle Carbon Emissions and Fossil Energy Consumption
    Presentation

    Ammonia Production Using Wind Energy: An Early Calculation of Life Cycle Carbon Emissions and Fossil Energy Consumption

    Joel TallaksenMichael Reese

    Industry professionals and others have begun to consider the use of ammonia as a substitute for fossil energy in the fuel, fertilizer, and chemical sectors. Several factors are driving this concept; including, energy security concerns, the potential for economic development, and reducing the environmental consequences of fossil energy use. In terms of environmental concerns, it is important to determine the potential impacts of producing ammonia before a major switch to ammonia can be considered. This study examined fossil energy use and carbon emissions in the production of ammonia, using life cycle assessment (LCA) methods to analyze production at a novel…

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    Lessons Learned in Developing a Wind-to-Ammonia Pilot Plant
    Presentation

    Lessons Learned in Developing a Wind-to-Ammonia Pilot Plant

    Michael ReeseCory Marquart

    Lessons Learned in Developing a Wind-to-Ammonia Pilot Plant Michael Reese and Cory Marquart, University of Minnesota

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    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant, The Sequel
    Presentation

    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant, The Sequel

    Doug TiffanyMichael Reese

    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant, The Sequel Doug Tiffany and Mike Reese, University of Minnesota

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    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant
    Presentation

    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant

    Michael ReeseCory Marquart

    Production of Anhydrous Ammonia from Wind Energy — Anatomy of a Pilot Plant Mike Reese and Cory Marquart, University of Minnesota

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    Ammonia from Wind, Progress Update
    Presentation

    Ammonia from Wind, Progress Update

    Michael ReeseCecil Massie

    Ammonia from Wind, Progress Update Mike Reese, University of Minnesota, and Cecil Massie, Consultant

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    Small-scale Production of Renewable Ammonia
    Presentation

    Small-scale Production of Renewable Ammonia

    Mark Huberty

    Small-scale Production of Renewable Ammonia Mark Huberty, University of Minnesota

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    Ammonia Synthesis Using Nonthermal Plasma with Ruthenium Catalysts
    Presentation

    Ammonia Synthesis Using Nonthermal Plasma with Ruthenium Catalysts

    Roger RuanZhiping LeShaobo DengPaul Chen

    Ammonia Synthesis Using Nonthermal Plasma with Ruthenium Catalysts Zhiping Le, Shaobo Deng, Paul Chen, and Roger Ruan, University of Minnesota

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    Ammonia from Wind, an Update
    Presentation

    Ammonia from Wind, an Update

    Michael ReeseCecil Massie

    Ammonia from Wind, an Update Mike Reese, University of Minnesota – Morris, and Cecil Massie, Sebesta Blomberg and Associates

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    Ammonia from Wind, An Update
    Presentation

    Ammonia from Wind, An Update

    Michael Reese

    Ammonia from Wind, An Update Mike Reese, University of Minnesota–Morris

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    Wind to Ammonia
    Presentation

    Wind to Ammonia

    Michael Reese

    Wind to Ammonia Mike Reese, University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center

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