Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine Using Direct Ammonia Injection

Presented on September 23, 2013 during the NH3 Fuel Conference 2013

Authors George Zacharakis Song-Charng Kong Iowa State University

Download this Presentation Download a PDF version of this presentation.

Abstract

The effects of direct injection of gaseous ammonia on the combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions of a spark-ignition engine were investigated. Port-injection gasoline was used to enhance the burning of ammonia that was directly injected into the engine cylinder. Appropriate direct injection strategies were developed to allow ammonia to be used in spark-ignition engines without sacrifice of volumetric efficiency.

Experimental results show that with gasoline providing the baseline power, total engine power increased as the injection timing of ammonia was advanced and the injection duration was increased. Engine performance with use of gasoline-ammonia was compared to that with gasoline alone. The brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) with gasoline-ammonia was very similar to that with gasoline alone. Ammonia direct injection caused slight reductions of BSCO2 and BSCO for all the loads studied but significantly increased brake specific hydrocarbon emissions (BSHC) because of the reduced combustion temperature of ammonia combustion. The use of ammonia resulted in increased NOx emissions because of formation of fuel NOx. Ammonia slip was also detected in the engine exhaust because of incomplete combustion.

Topics Ammonia Engine Emissions Testing

Authors George.Zacharakis@ammoniaenergy.org kong@iastate.edu

IMO Webinar

Please join us for this informative webinar. Click here to register and get the details!

Annual Conference Presentations available

Presentations from the AEA Annual Conference are now available on the website. The presentations are organized by session and speaker within the conference schedule for your convenience.

2023 Annual Report

In 2023, AEA reached many milestones. Read about them in our 2023 Annual Report.