ClassNK, DNV, Lloyd’s Register and the American Bureau of Shipping have all released new resources to support the implementation of marine ammonia fuel. We explore vessel operation guidelines and best-practice recommendations, seafarer training programs, and models for ammonia leak dispersion onboard vessels.
At Singapore Maritime Week, Maritime & Port Authority of Singapore and Australia’s national science agency CSIRO announced funding for eight maritime decarbonization projects, including ammonia safety training, and an AI-based safety management system. MPA also signed agreements with ABS, the Ports of Rotterdam and Antwerp-Brugges, and confirmed it has contributed to early work on training guidelines for the safe handling of methanol and ammonia at the IMO.
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is in the process of finalising new guidelines for the safe importation of hydrogen and ammonia into Japan. The guidelines will identify key legislative considerations, outline key design and process considerations, and act as a useful starting point for relevant stakeholders to plan for new energy imports.
Adding terminal storage capabilities to its fleet of marine transportation and logistics fleet, Mitsui O.S.K. Lines has acquired LBC Tank Terminals. LBC is currently inviting expressions of interest for its Vlissingen ammonia storage and cracking terminal, which is set to become operational in 2028.
In 2025, the pieces are rapidly assembling to enable and accelerate imports of ammonia energy to Japan. This year, government agency METI is due to announce two lots of key funding, including contracts for difference subsidies and development of import infrastructure. Power generation technologies will be commercialised within the next few years, and more maritime players are joining the push to deploy ammonia fuel in Japanese ships.
To explore the interim fuel guidelines and discuss their implications, we were joined by the IMO and Lloyd’s Register. Properly applied, the new fuel guidelines will ensure that ammonia systems achieve safety standards comparable to those of LNG or other alternative fuel systems, with special provisions made to ensure that ammonia’s hazards are effectively managed well within acceptable risk thresholds.
Madoqua and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines will lead development of the corridor. Industry partners in the consortium include financiers, terminal operators, Port authorities, alternative fuel producers and offtakers. The transportation of liquified CO2 along the corridor will help establish a supply chain for sequestration of carbon emissions in Norway at Horisont Energi’s Gismarvik CO2 hub.
Energy storage provider VTTI is currently receiving expressions of interest from stakeholders for capacity reservation and allocation for both ammonia storage and cracking. VTTI is planning two ammonia import terminals in Rotterdam and Antwerp as part of Project Amplifhy.
The IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee has approved interim guidelines for the use of ammonia fuel onboard vessels. Ship owners will also be able to voluntarily adopt code changes allowing the use of ammonia cargo as fuel, ahead of their entry into force next July. To unpack the new guidelines, the AEA will host the IMO and Lloyd’s Register at a public webinar in January.
LBC Tank Terminals has completed a 100% share acquisition of Evolution Terminals, including plans to develop a new renewable commodities import terminal in Vlissingen, Netherlands. The new terminal features an initial phase of 150,000m3, and is expected to be operational at the end of 2028.